別名
IL-2; TCGF; lymphokine.
背景
白介素2(IL-2)通過激活調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞(Treg)對細(xì)胞毒效應(yīng)細(xì)胞發(fā)揮免疫抑制和免疫刺激作用。這些IL-2效應(yīng)依賴于不同的IL-2受體(IL-2R)表達(dá)模式：CD8+T細(xì)胞和自然殺傷細(xì)胞攜帶高水平的二聚體IL-2Rβ(CD122)和IL-2Rγ(γc)；Treg細(xì)胞表達(dá)高水平的IL-2Rα(CD25)以及中等水平的CD122和γc。白介素2(IL-2)是第一個被分子克隆的細(xì)胞因子，是T細(xì)胞增殖、效應(yīng)細(xì)胞和記憶細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生所必需的T細(xì)胞生長因子。IL-2促進(jìn)Treg細(xì)胞的生成、存活和功能活性，因此具有雙重和對立的功能：維持Treg細(xì)胞以控制免疫反應(yīng)和刺激傳統(tǒng)T細(xì)胞促進(jìn)免疫反應(yīng)。已有文獻(xiàn)證明，某些IL-2構(gòu)象通過增加對CD25結(jié)合的依賴而損害CD122結(jié)合而導(dǎo)致對Treg細(xì)胞的選擇性靶向。最近的治療策略已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，使用IL-2、IL-2的單抗或IL-2變體來增加Treg細(xì)胞的數(shù)量和功能以治療自身免疫性疾病，同時應(yīng)對持續(xù)存在的挑戰(zhàn)，以最大限度地減少效應(yīng)細(xì)胞和記憶細(xì)胞、自然殺傷細(xì)胞和其他先天淋巴樣細(xì)胞的產(chǎn)生。
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